by Mike » Fri Apr 24, 2009 5:09 pm
A traditional farm was 40 acres, enough to support a family, and about the maximum a single family could work. This size would allow 16 farms per square mile in densely-settled farmland. Since threshold is a border area let's assume generous homesteads of 50 acres, leaving some room for woods and stuff. (Of that land, maybe 15-20 acres is under cultivation, while the remainder is either pasture for livestock, or woodland for pigs. One acre of pasture per cow, 2 acres per horse, 1/2 acre per sheep.)
The Threshold area is threatened by bandits and humanoids, so most settlers will be near a garrison. Four miles is considered the effective striking distance from a castle, so most homesteads should be located within that radius. The zone immediately around threshold and other castles, towers, or fortitude manors should be densely settled.
Additionally, ten miles was considered the maximum distance from a farm to a market town, since that's as far as a farmer could drive a wagon into town, trade, and make it back home in the evening. Generally all farmsteads should no further than one 8-mile hex from a town.
A one-mile hex has an area of approx. 550 acres, enough for 10 homesteads plus a wooded area, swamp, hill, or lake. Those 10 homesteads represent maybe 60-70 people. These will be supported by a small "village" with at least a church and a pub, so add another 5-10 urban population. That's about 75 people per hex, and a density of 86 people per square mile.
I'd guess that population thins rapidly the further you get from town. The "clear" hexes within four miles of a town or castle can be densely settled; forest and hill hexes within four miles maybe only 50% settled. Beyond that would be only scattered homesteads, fortified and self-sufficient, and these should still be within 8 miles of a town (allowing for rough, winding roads).